Fine particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) in dust storms can penetrate the defenses of the nasal cavity and bronchi, reaching deep into and depositing in the alveoli. This can trigger bronchitis, pneumonia, or worsen asthma. Long-term exposure may even lead to permanent lung function decline and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).











Dust directly irritates the conjunctiva, easily causing allergic conjunctivitis, which results in a foreign body sensation, redness, tearing, and itching. Rubbing the eyes can cause corneal abrasions, increasing the risk of bacterial infection and potentially affecting vision. Symptoms are more pronounced for contact lens wearers.











Allergens and pollutants carried by dust can damage the skin barrier, leading to dryness, itching, and dermatitis. Particulate matter clogging pores can trigger or worsen acne. For those with sensitive skin or atopic dermatitis, it can easily induce severe allergic reactions.













As dust particles pass through the nasal and oral cavities, they directly irritate the throat mucosa, causing dryness, itchiness, pain, and a persistent cough. This irritation can initiate or worsen pharyngitis, exacerbating pre-existing chronic inflammation in the throat.